Method and apparatus for producing containers



J. S. STOKES Oct. 7, 1941.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS Filed Jan. 15, 1940 4Sheets-Sheet 1 INV NT R QM 04.6975 ATTORNEY J. S. STOKES METHOD ANDAPPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS Filed Jan. 15, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2Oct. 7, 1941. J 5 STOKES 2,257,823

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS Filed Jan. 15, 1940 4sheat s-Sheet Z 7 INVENTOR g M. m

ATTORNEY J. S. STOKES Oct; 7, 1941.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FiledJan. 15, 1940 v INVENTO ATTORN EY Patented Oct. 7, 1941 METHOD ANDAPPARATUS Fon. PRODUCING CONTAINERS John S. Stokes, Huntingdon Valley,Pa., assignor to Stokes and Smith Company, Summerdale,

Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania 18 Claims.

My invention relates to the manufacture of packages or containers,particularly composite, or lined, or d le wall packages oncontainers,made from flexible sheet material, suc as Cellophane, Pilofilm, paperorthe like.

In accordance with one aspect of my invention, one or more liningelements are so positioned upon, with or without attachment thereto,sheet orweb material from which the outer container or covering iseventually formed, and are of such dimensions that all outer seals ofthe container or package are formed by direct attachment to each otherof portions of the covering material and the inner seals are formed bydirect attachment to each other of portions of the sheet liningmaterial; consequently, when the adhesives applied to, or comprised inthe selected covering and lining materials are of differentcharacteristics, the inner and outer seals are formed respectively underthose difierent conditions of time, pressure or temperature, best suitedfor efiective sealing by the diflerent adhesives.

In a preferred method, the lining elements are spaced along the webbingof one or more continuous webs destined to form the outer container andare shaped concurrently therewith to form spaced tubular sections withina continuous outer tube; to close an end of a lined container orpackage, the outer tube is flattened and is individually sealed betweensuccessive tubular lining sections, and the corresponding end of one ofthe lining sections is individually flattened and sealed; preferably thelined containers are filled prior to their detachment from the web byintroduction of filling into the innermost container or lining and eachis detached from the web by transversally severing the outer tubebetween successive lining sections.

More particularly, each of the lining elements as applied to anindividual sheet, or to continuous webbing, is suitably shorter than theouter container to provide for the aforesaid direct attachment to eachother of those portions of the outer container forming end seals; directattachxnent to each other of those portions 01 the outer containerforming its side seal or seals is provided either by using liningelements which are narrower than the outer sheet or web, by offsettingthe lining elements with respect to the outer sheet or web, or bysuitably guiding the edges of the lining. elements as they are shapedinto tubular form.

implication January 15, 1940, Serial No. 313,889

My invention further resides in the methods of and apparatus for makingpackages hereinafter described and claimed.

For an understanding of my invention, reference is to be had from theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1, in perspective, illustrates a method of and apparatus formaking, filling and sealing lined containers.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view in section, taken on line 2-2 or Figure l.

Fig. 3 is a plan view in section taken on line 3 3 of Figure 1.

Fig. 4, in perspective, shows a filled container produced by the methodof Figure 1.

Fig. 5, in perspective, illustrates another method and apparatus formaking, filling and sealing lined containers.

Fig. 6 is a plan view, in section, taken on line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Fig. 7, in perspective, shows a filled container prodgiced by the methodand apparatus 01' Figure Fig. 8, in perspective, illustrates anothermethod and apparatus for making, filling, and

sealing containers whose lining is not thermoplastic.

Fig. 9, in perspective, shows a multi-ply lining element.

Fig. 10 is an elevational view on a larger scale, taken on line Ill-l0of Figure 8.

Fig. 11 is a plan view, in section, taken on line |l of Figure 8.

Fig. 12, in perspective, illustrates a filled package produced by themethod and apparatus of Figure 8.

Fig. 13, in perspective, illustrates a method and apparatus for makinglined containers of the square type.

Fig. 14 is a plan view, in section, taken on hne "-44 of Figure 13.

Fig. 15 is an elevational view, on a larger scale, of tuck-formingmechanism shown in Figure 13.

Fig. 16 is an end elevational view of the apparatus shown in Figure 15with addition of. in cross section, the end sealing tools.

Fig. 17 is a plan view, in section, taken on line l'I-ll.

Fig. 18, in perspective, illustrates the'initial step of a modificationof the method shown by Figure 13.

Fig. 19, in perspective, illustrates another method of and apparatus formaking, filling and sealing lined containers.

Fig. 20 is a continuation of Figure 19 and i1- lustrates the final stepof severance of a complete package from the webbing.

Fig. 21 is a front elevational view, with parts broken away, of webshaping structure shown in Figure 19.

Fig. 22 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of the structureshown in Figure 21.

Fig. 23 is abottom plan view of Figure 21.

24 illustrates a modified manner of detaching the containers.

Referring to Figure 1, the web W may be of *Pliofilm," Cellophane, paperor other sheet material coated with, impregnated with, or consisting of.thermoplastic material. As it is fed from the roll R toward and aboutthe hollow former member I, there is deposited upon it a series oflining elements L, each shorter than the length of Webbing W to beutilized for making a single container, and in this particularmodification, suitably narrower than the webbing W by an amountcorresponding with about twice the width of an outer side seal S.

The lining elements L are also in this modification of thermoplasticsheet material, which may be the same as, but is usually and preferablydifferent from, the sheet material of which web W is comprised.

The lining elements L may be fed from a stack thereof onto webbing W or,preferably, they may be cut from the continuous web WI removed from rollRI.

To maintain the desired spacing between the lining elements and topreclude their displacement with respect to webbing W as it is fedtoward the former i, there may be employed the heated roller 2 forsoftening the adhesive in or upon one or both of the webs W, W! at leastsuiflciently to preclude accidental shift in position of the liningelements. A second roll 3, or equivalent pressure plate, provides thedesired pressure upon the webs during the aforesaid application of heatby roll 2. The knives 4, l, which cut the lining elements L from the webWI operate in proper timed relation to feed of the web W to obtain thedesired spacing between the adjacent ends of successive lining elementsL which spacing as hereinafter appears corresponds with the width of twoouter end seals S2.

Beyond the rolls 2, 3, the web W and applied lining elements L areshaped about the hollow former member i, the web W forming a continuousouter tube T, and the lining elements L forming a series of tubularsections LT spaced from each other within the continuous outer tube T. V

The composite webbing is fed, in the particular arrangement shown, by apair of reciprocating clamps 5, which flatten the tube T betweensuccessive sections LT somewhat beyond the end of the former member i;while the clamps maintain their grip upon the tube they are moved awayfrom former i to an extent corresponding with the desired length of acontainer. The clamps then release the tube, and while so free of it,return to their original position.

While the webbing is at rest between succes sive feeding strokes, themarginal edges of web terial comprising the web W so to obtain optimumsealing results.

Substantially concurrently with the formation of the outer longitudinalseal or seam 8 by too]: 0, the longitudinal edges or one 0! the liningelements L is subjected to heat and pressure byasecondsetofsealingtoolsl,ltoforman inner seal SI.

The clamps I'which eil'ect feed of the webbing also comprise or carrytwo sets of sealing tools; tools 8, 8 heat and press into directengagement with one another, oppodte sides of the outer tube betweensuccessive lining sectiom LT whereas the other pair of sealing tools I,I flatten and seal the adjacent ends of two successive lining sectionsLT.

The outer seal S2 is formed by tools I, I under these conditions oftemperature, pressure, and time suited to the thermoplastic applied toor comprised in web W, and the inner end seal 83 is formed by tools I, 8under these different conditions of temperature, time and pressure bestsuited to the thermoplastical material of which it is comprised or withwhich it is coated; when for example, the web W is of Cellophane and thelining elements are of Pliofilm, the tools I, l are at elevatedtemperature lower than the temperature of tools i, I.

The completed containers are detached from the webbing by the knives II,I 0; when unfilled containers are desired, the knives II, [I are set toout between the double width seal S2 and one of the seals S3.Preferably, however, the containers are filled prior to their severancefrom the web, as by introduction of filling material through the hollowformer member I between the two end sealing operations performed upon asingle container. To detach the filled containers or packages from theweb, the knives I0, [I are set to cut through the seals S2,approximately midway thereof. The individual completed package is shownin Fig. 4.

As more clearly appears from Figs. 2 and 3, the filling is within theinner container or lining sealed at both ends by seals S1, with theouter end seals S2 outside of or beyond the inner seals S3; similarly asappears in Fig. 3, the side seal SI of the inner container or lining isentirely within the covering or outer container iormed from webbing W,with the outer seal 8 outside or beyond it.

Thus, all of the outer seals of the package P, Fig. 4, are formed bydirect attachment to each other of portions of the outer covering shapedfrom the web W, whereas all of the inner seals S3 are formed by directattachment to each other of portions of the lining material. Whether ornot there is any adhesion between the outer faces of the inner seals andthe inner face of the outer covering is immaterial; and in most caseswhen both webs are thermoplastic, there will be at least some incidentaladhesion at these areas which are not efl'ective as seals, even thoughthe adhesion is firm, because of their location.

Because the inner and outer seals are formed respectively by directattachment of materials having the same heat sealing characteristics,the lining material and the outer covering may be selected and arrangedin proper sequence in the layers to obtain maximum strength, resistanceto moisture in liquid or vapor phase. and other desired qualitieswithout need to match to each other the heat sealing characteristics ofthe different sheet materials.

Although the packages are preferably made by a continuous method, suchas exemplified in Fig. 1 and other subsequent figures, it is to beunderstood that any of packages P, PI, P2, P3, P4 and P5 may be madeindividually, in which case both the lining and the outer covering maybe made from pre-cut sheets, or by other continuous methods similar tothose disclosed in Fig. 11 of U. S. Letters Patent 2,160,367 or Fig. 14of U. S. Letters Patent 2,146,831 suitably modified however, as hereindisclosed, to provide for lining of the package and for formation ofouter seals beyond the lining seals. A preferred apparatus, capable withmodification of its sealing tools to perform the method described inconnection with Fig. 1 is illustrated and described in Zwoyer Patent#1,986,422.

In the modified method and apparatus shown "in Fig. 5, the outercontinuous tube TI, corre- L2 are fed from a stack or cut from a web W41 and deposited in spaced relation to each other lengthwise of thecovering web W2.

As the webs W2 and W3 are shaped about the former member I to form thecontinuous outer tube TI, the pairs of lining elements disposed uponthese webs are concurrently shaped to form a series of tubular sectionswithin, and spaced lengthwise of, the outertube TI. On each of theopposite sides of the former member I, there are disposed a pair ofsealing tools 6, 6 for pressing together and effecting thermoplasticjoinder of the margins of the webs'W2 and W3 to form the seams or sealsS4, S4 extending lengthwise of the outer tube TI, Fig. 6.

There are also disposed on each of the opposite sides of former memberI, a pair of sealing tools I, I (not shown) for effecting joinder of thelengthwise edges of a pair of lining elements L2, L3, thus to form theinner seals S5, S5.

The feed of the webs W, W3 over the former member I may be effected asdescribed in connection with Fig; 1 by a pair of gripper elements 5, 5,which may also serve as end sealing elements. Specifically, as shown inFig. 1 the grippers 5, 5 may carry or comprise two independent sets ofsealing tools 8, 8 and 9, 9, the former serving to flatten the outertube I between the adjacent ends of successive lining sections and applyheat and pressure thereto to produce a seal S2 transversely of the outertube TI and the latter pair serving to fiatten and effect sealing ofaforesaid adjacent ends of two successive lining sections. In crosssection lengthwise of the tube TI, the individual containers are thesame as shown in Fig. 2.

The other steps of filling the containers and detaching them from thewebbing after final sealing are the same as discussed in connection withFig. 1.

the same characteristics. Each of the inner seals S3, S3, S5, S5 isformed by direct attachment to each other of marginal portions of a pairof lining elements L2, L3 preferably of the same material or which atleast comprise, or have applied thereto, adhesives of the same orsimilar characteristic.

In this, as in all other modifications herein described, the sheetmaterials comprising the inner and outer containers, or lining andcovering, may be of the same composition or preferably and usually areof different compositions to procure desirably different qualities ofthe lining and covering; for example, when the filling in the packagesis fluid or semi-solid, such as oil or grease, the lining is preferablyof paper coated or impregnated with a substance or combination ofsubstances rendering it liquidproof, and the outer covering may bePliofilm covering.

In general, the method illustrated by Fig. 8 is similar to that shown inFig. l, in that a series of lining elements are disposed upon a singleweb of a covering material as it is fed toward a former member I;therefore, only those respects in which the methods differ arespecifically discussed. The method and arrangement shown in Fig. 8 isparticularly suited to those instances in which the lining elements arenot made of a material which is itself a thermoplastic and to which itis necessary to apply adhesive to effect sealing of the inner container.

or stripe of adhesive; for example, and specifically, the stencil I2Aapplies the stripe II of adhesive to the leading end of each liningelement L4, the stencil I2B applies the band or stripe I3 of adhesive tothe trailing end of each lining element L4, and the transfer rolls I4,I4 apply stripes I5 of adhesive to the longitudinal edges of each of thelining elements L4.

The reciprocating bars I6, I1, movable toward and away from the stencilsI2A, I2B respectively, and the rolls I8 co-acting with theadhesiveapplying rolls I4, I4 are all preferably heated to soften thethermoplastic comprised in or constituting the web 6 to effect adhesionthereto of the lining elements, at least sufilciently to prevent theirdisplacement with respect to each other, or to the web W6 during feed ofthe composite webbing toward and about the former member I. g

The adhesive applied by the stencils and rolls I4 may be of any suitabletype; it may, for example, be a glue which remains unset during feedingand shaping movements of the liningelements, or it may be a quick-dryingthermoplastic which is reactivated by sealing tools I, I and 9, 9.

In any of the modifications shown in Figs. 1, 5 and 8, as well as in anyof the modifications subsequently described, the lining elements may besingle or multi-ply, and in the latter Specifically, there is applied toeach of the four edges of each lining element a band case may be thesame or different materials, specifically referring to Figs. 8, 9, theweb W! from which the lining elements L4 are cut is a two ply web ofprestretched Pliofilm." This webbing is made from two webs of Pliofllmwhich are stretched in different directions and pressed together whileheated to suitable temperature. However, such prestretched Pliofilm isnot suited itself to form a seal when subjected to heat and pressure andit is, therefore, necessary,as previously described, to apply theretothe aforesaid bands or stripes II, I3 and I of adhesive, whose heatsealing characteristics may be the same as, or usually different from,the thermoplastic comprised in or constituting the web W6.

The steps of forming the longitudinal seals S, SI, and the end seals S2,S3, are substantially the same as described in connection with Fig. 1and their description need not be repeated.

As more clearly appears in Figs. 10, 11, the inner container or liningcomprises two layers or plies I9, 20 integrally bonded or joined to eachother within an outer covering or container T. All of the outer sealsS2, S2 and S are formed by direct thermoplastic attachment to each otherof portions of the sheet material W6, and are all outside or beyond thecorresponding seals S3, S3, and SI of the inner container. The aforesaidseals of the inner container are entirely within the outer seals sothat, as previously stated, the inner and outer seals may be formedrespectively under those different conditions of pressure, temperatureand time best suited to the different adhesive utilized. v

In the modifications previously herein described, the lining elementsare substantially narrower than the continuous webbing and are so spacedthereon as to leave clear the margins of the webbing to be joined forformation of the longitudinal seam S of Figs. 1 and 8, or of thelongitudinal seams S4, S4 of Fig. 6. In the modification shown in Fig.13, the lining elements L5 are the same width as the web W upon whichthey are disposed with their longitudinal edges substantially flush withthe edges of web W; direct attachment to each other of the longitudinaledges of the lining elements, and direct attachment to each other or themargins of the webbing W are insured by departing from the projectingtype of seal shown in the previous modification and by recourse to thetype of seal shown in Figs. 13, 14 in which the overlapping margins ofthe linings are substantially flush with the periphery of the innercontainer and the overlapping margins of the outer webbing W aresubstantially fiush with the periphery of the outer tube T. As moreclearly appears in Fig. .14, the seal 81 comprises the directly attachedmargins of the lining element L5 which may, for example, be of Pliofilm,and the outer seal S8 comprises the overlapping and directly attachedmargins of the outer container or covering which may, for example, be ofa different thermoplastic and lining elements are shaped about former I,

stagger, or offset, of' the seams S1, S8, as shown in Fig. 17.

The subsequent ,steps of transversely sealing,

filling, and detaching the filled containers may be the same aspreviously described in connection with Fig. 1 and, or as shown in Figs.13, 15, and 16 the double walled tubing of Figs. 14 and.17 may be shapedinto packages or containers having squared ends. A suitable arrangementfor producing this type of package is disclosed and claimed inco-pending application Serial #297,484 of Sonneborn 8: Albertson.

As the composite webbing is fed 'beyond th end of the former I, thetucking tools 22,-22 crease the opposite sides of the tube T and tend totuck the lining and covering materials between two plates 22, 23depending from the lower end I of the former member I. As the clampingmembers 5, 5 move toward each other to the position shown in Fig. 16,the lower ends of the plates 23, 23 are bent thereby toward each other,whereupon the tucking tools 22, 22 produce inturned folds or tucks inthe opposite sides of the tube T in the path of the sealing toolscarried by the clamping members 5, 5. The' members 24, 24 grip thetubing below the seal S2 and support the previously formed packages,thus to relieve the seal during its formation from the weight of thepreviously filled containers. As the clamp members 5, 5 move downwardlyfrom the position shown in Fig. 16, they continue to move closer to eachother to effect engagement with the webbing of two sets of sealing toolswhich, in accordance with my present invention, are

suited to subject the webbing and lining mate-' rials to differenttemperatures.

The second set of gripping tools 25, 25 are effective, as more fullydescribed and claimed in application Serial No. 259,748 of Sonneborn 8rAlbertson, to relieve the seal, while heated, from the web-feedingstrain.

The tendency of the web, or of the lining elements, or of both of them,to wrinkle, or crease, as they are shaped about former I may be avoidedby recourse to a modification of the method and apparatus described andclaimed in my application, Serial No. 306,059, filed Nov. 25, 1939.Referring to Figs. 19 to 22 hereof, the web W is notched or slitted bythe knives 26 to define a series of blanks integrally attached to thewebbing and each comprising one of the lining elements L whose relationto the web W may be any of those previously described in connection withFigs. 1, 8, 13, and 18.

As each blank in turn enters the mouth of the funnel 21 and passesdownwardly about former I, it is shaped to form an outer tubular sectionof web W and a shorter, inner tubular section comprising one of thelining elements L.

In the particular arrangement shown in Fig. 19, the longitudinal innerand outer seams S and S3 project from the inner and outer containers,generally as described in connection with Fig. 1, but it is to beunderstood these seams may be of the flush type described in connectionwith Figs.

14 and 17.

Reverting to Fig. 19, the funnel 21 is provided with a slot 23 extendingupwardly from the lower smaller end of the tunnel in directionsubstantially parallel of the axis of former member I.-

The wedge shaped structure 29 disposed between the funnel and the formermember I, preferably attached to member I, directs the longitudinaledges of the lining elements and the margins of the web W into andthrough the slot 28, as shown inFig. 19. The subsequent steps of sealingthe longitudinal edges of the inner and outer containers, the filling ofthe containers,

the independent closure of the ends of the inner and outer containers,and the detachment of filled containers are the same as previouslydescribed in connection with Fig. 1.

The slits or notches 30 are, as shown in Fig. 20, disposed within theflattened area of adjacent end seals S2; the knives II) in detaching afilled container from the webbing may, as shown in Fig. 20, sever thewebbing along a line which in efiect is a continuation of the notchingand slitting; or as disclosed in Fig. 24, a double set of knives l mayremove a narrow band of webbing whose sides are substantially parallelto and on opposite sides of slits 30.

To avoid repetition, those elements in Fig. 19 corresponding withelements of preceding modifications are identified by referencecharacters appearing in those modifications, to the description of whichreference is made for discussion of their purposes and functions.

It shall be understood the terms seals and sealing" when appearingunqualified in the appended claims are not limited to heat-seals orheat-sealing, but also comprehend seals or sealing which do not involveapplication of heat, for example, seals formed by application ofpressure to surfaces freshly coated with cold glue or the like.

What I claim is:

1. A method of producing lined containers which comprises shaping sheetlining material and joining edges thereof to form a tubular section,shaping sheet covering material and joining edges thereof to form asecond tubular section enclosing, and projecting beyond an end of, theinner tubular section, sealing said end of the inner tubular section,and sealing the outer tubular section beyond the sealed end of the innersection.

2. A method of producing lined containers which comprises concurrentlyshaping sheet lining material and sheet covering material to form aninner tubular section of lining material and a longer, outer tubularsection of covering material, joining edges of the lining material andof the covering material to form seals extending lengthwise of saidtubular section, sealing an end of the inner tubular section, andsealing the longer outer tubular section beyond said end of the innersection.

3. A method of producing lined containers which comprises shaping sheetlining material and joining edges thereof to form a tubular section,shaping sheet covering material and joining edges thereof to form asecond tubular section enclosing, and projecting beyond an end of, theinner tubular section, flattening and sealing said end of the innertubular section, and flattening and sealing the outer tubular sectionbeyond the flattened sealed end of the inner section.

4. A method of producing lined containers which comprises concurrentlyshaping sheet lining material and sheet covering material to form aninner tubular section of lining material and a longer, outer tubularsection of covering material, joining edges of the lining material andof the covering material to form seals extending lengthwise of saidtubular section, transversely flattening and sealing an end of the innertubular section, and flattening and sealing the longer outer tubularsection beyond said end of the inner section.

5. A method of producing lined containers which comprises concurrentlyshaping sheet lining material and sheet covering material to form aninner tubular section of lining material and a longer outer tubularsection of covering material, Jolning edges of the lining material andof the covering material to form seals extending lengthwise of saidsections, and transversely sealing an end of the inner tubular sectionand substantially concurrently sealing the longer tubular section beyondsaid end of the inner section.

6. A method of producing lined containers which comprises shaping sheetlining material and joining edges thereof to form a tubular sectionhaving at least one seal extending lengthwise thereof and outwardlytherefrom, shaping sheet covering material and joining edges thereof toform a second tubular section longer than and outside of said flrstnamed tubular section and having at least one seal extending lengthwisethereof and outwardly therefrom, transversely sealing at least one endof said inner tubular section, and transversely sealing an end of theouter tubular section beyond the corresponding sealed end of the innertubular secion.

7. A method of producing lined containers which comprises shaping sheetlining material and joining edges thereof to form a tubular sectionhaving a seal extending lengthwise thereof and substantially flush withits periphery, shaping sheet covering material and joining edges thereofto form a second'tubular section longer than and outside of said firstnamed tubular section and having a seal extending lengthwise thereof andsubstantially flush with its periphery, transversely sealing at leastone end of said inner tubular section, and transversely sealing an endof the outer tubular section beyond the corresponding sealed end of theinner tubular section.

8. A method of producing lined containers which comprises shaping sheetlining material and sheet covering material, of greater area than anarea of said sheet lining material, to form a tubular section of liningmaterial having a flush seal extending lengthwise thereof, and shaping alonger outer tubular section of covering material having a flush sealoverlying aforesaid seal of the inner section, transversely flatteningand sealing at least one end of said inner tubular section, andtransversely flattening and sealing and sealing the outer tubularsection beyond the corresponding sealed end of the inner tubularsection.

10. A method of producing lined containers which comprises shaping atleast two lining elements of sheet material and joining edges thereof toform a tubular section, shaping at least two longer elements ofshe'et'material and joining edges thereof to form a second tubularsection outside of and extending beyond an end of said first named innertubular section, sealing said end of the inner tubular section, andsealing the outer tubular section beyond said sealed end of the innertubular section.

11. The method of producing lined containers which comprise feeding webmaterial having lining elements spaced lengthwise thereof, shaping theweb-material and the lining elements to form a succession of spacedtubular lining sections within a continuous outer tube, longitudinallysealing said tube and said tubular lining sections, and therefromdefining containers by transversely sealing said tube between adjacenttubular sections and transversely sealing at least one end .of each ofsaid tubular sections.

12. The method of producing lined containers which comprises feeding aweb of covering material having lining elements of sheet material spacedlengthwise thereof, progressively shaping the web and the liningelements to form a succession of spaced tubular lining sections within acontinuous outer tube, progressively joining to each other the edges ofthe web to form-a seal extending lengthwise of said tube, progressivelyjoining to each other the longitudinal edges of each of said tubularsections to form a seal extending lengthwise thereof within said outertube, transversely flattening and sealing the tube between the ends ofadjacent tubular sections, and transversely flattening and sealing theends of the tubular sections.

13. The method of producing lined containers which comprises feeding,shaping and joining webs of covering material progressively to form acontinuous tube, concurrently feeding and shaping lining elements spacedlengthwise of said web to form a succession of spaced tubular sectionswithin said outer tube, transversely sealing the tube between the end ofsuccessive tubular sections of lining, and transversely sealing at leastone end of each of said tubular sections.

14. A method of producing lined containers which comprises concurrentlyshaping sheet lining material of certain sealing characteristic andsheet covering material of different sealing characteristic to form aninner tubular section and a longer, outer tubular section, closing saidinner tubular section to form an inner container by sealing togetherportions of said sheet lining material under the conditions oftemperature, pressure, or time suited to its sealing characteristics,and closing said outer tubular section to form an outer container bysealing together portions of said sheet covering material under thedifferent conditions of temperature, pressure or time suited to itssealing characteristic.

15. A method of forming, filling and sealing lined packages whichcomprises feeding a web having lining elements spaced lengthwisethereof, transversely partially severing the web between successiveliningelements to define a series of blanks integrally attached to theweband each associated with one of said lining elements, thereaftershaping each of the blanks in succession simultaneously to form atubular lining and a longer and outer tubular section of the web joinedthereto by the unsevered portion thereof, attaching to each otherlongitudinal margins of the inner and outer tubular sections,transversely and in succession sealing the ends of each inner tubularsection, filling each inner tubular section after so sealing one endthereof, transversely sealing adiacent ends of outer tubular sectionsthroughout an area within which lie severed and unsevered portions ofthe web, and detaching each of the filled lined packages by severance Ifrom the web through one of said areas.

16. Apparatus for shaping webbinginto tubular form comprising a formermember, a funnellike member surrounding said former member and having aslot extending longitudinally from its smaller end, a wedge-shapedmember disposed between said members for turning outwardly into saidslot margins of the webbing shaped about said former member, and meansbeyond said slot for attaching said margins to each other.

1'7. Apparatus for shaping webbing into tubular form comprising a formermember, means for feeding the webbing with respect to said formermember, a funnel-like member surrounding said former, converging in thedirection of feed of the webbing, and having a slot extendinglongitudinally from its smaller end, a wedge shaped member disposedbetween said member and diverging in the direction of feed of thewebbing to turn margins of the webbing outwardly from said former memberand through said slot, and means beyond said slot for attaching saidmargins to each other.

18. Apparatus for producing lined containers from webbing having liningelements spaced lengthwise thereof comprising a former member, means forfeeding the webbing with respeetto the former member, means for slittingthe webbing transversely between successive lining elements, structurefor curling the webbing and concurrently the lining elements, inavoidance of creasing, about said former member to form a series oftubular lining sections within, and between slits extending partiallyacross, an outer tube of webbing.

JOHN S. STOKES.

